Ninh Binh Caves: Explore 14 Famous Cave With Majestic Nature

Ninh Binh is a province in the North of Vietnam. It is famed for its stunning landscapes and majestic caves, offering visitors a unique combination of natural beauty and cultural heritage.

The caves in Ninh Binh are mainly located along rivers, facing towering limestone mountains, making this area a must-see for nature lovers and explorers. Whether sitting on a boat through serene waters or hiking mountain paths, exploring Ninh Binh caves offers a fascinating experience you won’t find anywhere else.

Among the series of caves in Ninh Binh, you may wonder which cave is the most beautiful or which cave you should visit first when coming to Ninh Binh. In this article, GTrip will provide you with a list of the 14 most famous and recommended caves in Ninh Binh from top to bottom, ensuring you have a visual view when planning to explore the caves in Ninh Binh.

1. Tam Coc Cave

Location: Ninh Hai Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (approximately 90 km south of Hanoi).

History: Tam Coc is closely linked to the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, which was the political and cultural center of Vietnam during the Dinh and early Le dynasties (10th and 11th centuries). Over the centuries, this area has become an important part of local culture, attracting explorers, pilgrims, and modern tourists.

Features:

The Tam Coc cave system, meaning “Three Caves” consists of three main caves: Hang Ca, Hang Hai, and Hang Ba. These caves were formed by the Ngo Dong River flowing through limestone mountains, creating a majestic landscape often called “Halong Bay on land”.

Hang Ca is the largest and most beautiful cave, stretching nearly 150 meters. It is famous for its impressive stalactites hanging from the ceiling, creating a stunning scene like a natural work of art.
Though smaller, hang Hai and Hang Ba are equally enchanting, with fascinating shapes that provide a unique experience as you row through. The lush green surroundings of the caves, including towering limestone cliffs and vast rice fields, create a surreal landscape.

A view of Tam Coc Cave

Activities:

We took a boat tour along the Ngo Dong River to explore Tam Coc. A unique feature here is that the boatmen row with their feet, unlike in other places where hands are used.

During the journey, we enjoyed the peaceful beauty of the Ninh Binh countryside. The green rice fields between towering limestone mountains created a serene atmosphere. The boat ride provided a unique opportunity to experience the quiet ambiance of the area and marvel at the grandeur of the caves from the inside.

Cycling or walking tours through the surrounding villages are also popular for those who wish to explore further. It offers a closer look at local life and culture amidst the natural beauty of Tam Coc.

Tourists boating along the Ngo Dong River

2. Bich Dong Cave

Location: Ninh Hai Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (approximately 2 km from Tam Coc).
History: Bich Dong Cave is associated with Bich Dong Pagoda, a sacred Buddhist site dating back to the 15th century. The name “Bich Dong” translates to “Emerald Cave” a name given by Prime Minister Nguyen Nghiem, the father of the great poet Nguyen Du, in 1773. The pagoda and the cave have long been regarded as sacred places for devotees and travelers, playing a significant cultural and religious role in Vietnam.

Characteristics:

Bich Dong Cave consists of three main caves connected: Hang Toi (Dark Cave), Hang Sang (Bright Cave), and Hang Thuong (Upper Cave). Each cave offers a unique experience.

Inside the caves, we could admire stalactites and stalagmites that have formed over millions of years. The atmosphere here is very tranquil, as the caves provide a serene escape from the outside world, often harmonizing with the sound of water gently flowing over rocks.

A corner of Bich Dong Cave

Activities:

To start our exploration of Bich Dong, we had to ascend stone steps to reach the pagoda. During our climb to the top, we admired the beautiful surroundings, such as the ripe rice fields, the Ngo Dong River, and the towering limestone mountains.

The pagoda houses many Buddha statues, serving as a peaceful place for reflection and prayer. Exploring the caves allows you to stroll through cool, dimly lit chambers while admiring the natural rock formations.

Ancient pagoda inside Bich Dong Cave

3. Thung Nang Cave

Location: Dam Khe Village, Ninh Hai Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (approximately 4.5 km from Tam Coc).

History: Although Thung Nang Cave does not have a long history of notable significance, it has gained attention due to its stunning beauty and tranquil atmosphere. This area is cherished by both locals and tourists for its natural allure.

Features:

A less crowded environment characterizes Thung Nang Cave than other tourist spots like Tam Coc or Bich Dong. The cave is nestled among magnificent and lush limestone mountains, creating a peaceful retreat for those seeking tranquility and a connection with nature.

The entrance to the cave features beautiful stalactites and stalagmites, contributing to the mystical ambiance inside. The gentle sound of flowing water and soft light filtering through the crevices enhance the serene experience.

A view of Thung Nang Cave

Activities:

One of the most popular activities at Thung Nang Cave is kayaking, which allows visitors to glide smoothly through the clear waters of the cave. We enjoyed the tranquil atmosphere as we paddled, perfect for appreciating the scenery. We took many photos while experiencing this activity.

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Kayaking is an ideal activity for relaxation, and we witnessed many bird species and other wildlife along the way. For those wishing to extend their visit, leisurely walks along nearby paths also provide additional opportunities to enjoy the area’s beauty.

The karst landscape at Thung Nang Cave

4. Mua Cave

Location: Khe Ha Village, Ninh Xuan Commune, Ninh Binh Province (approximately 100 km from Hanoi).

History: Mua Cave is associated with the Tran Dynasty from the 13th to the 15th century. This site was once a military outpost during the resistance against the Mongol invasions. The past and future connection adds significant historical depth to this landmark.

Characteristics:

Famous for its breathtaking panoramic views, Mua Cave can be accessed via a steep hike with 500 stone steps, each providing visitors with increasingly beautiful perspectives of the surrounding landscape.
This ascent is both a challenge and a rewarding experience, as visitors are treated to the stunning scenery of Ninh Binh. Upon reaching the summit, climbers are greeted with a magnificent view overlooking the Tam Coc Valley, where the Ngo Dong River meanders through lush green rice fields and majestic limestone mountains.

Although the cave is small, its historical significance and the stunning views from its entrance make it a noteworthy stop on any travel itinerary. Various limestone formations characterize the area, and the cave’s interior offers a glimpse into the region’s geological history.

Exploring the Mua Cave

Activities:

The main activity at Mua Cave is climbing the stone steps to the viewpoint, which is particularly rewarding at sunrise or sunset when the light highlights the landscape’s natural beauty.
In addition to hiking, visitors can explore the surrounding area, including walking paths that wind through the picturesque countryside. These paths provide opportunities for birdwatching and experiencing the rich flora and fauna of the region.

For those interested in culture, nearby villages offer a chance to interact with locals and learn about traditional agricultural practices, enriching the overall experience at Mua Cave.

Hiking Hang Mua Mountain

5. Ba Giot Cave

Location: Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh (approximately 12 km from Tam Coc).

Legend of the cave:

Ba Giot Cave is associated with many local legends and myths, particularly the story of three drops of water believed to bring prosperity and good fortune to those who encounter them. These drops symbolize wealth and abundance, making the cave an important cultural site for the local community. The legends surrounding the cave have been passed down through generations, contributing to its allure and mystique.

Features:

Ba Giot Cave is renowned for its mysterious atmosphere and impressive stalactites adorning the interior. The natural shapes within the cave resemble flowing water droplets, which is why it is called Ba Giot Cave.

As we entered, we felt the cool, damp air and heard the gentle sound of trickling water echoing throughout the cave. The contrast between light and shadow creates an enchanting space, highlighting the intricate shapes of the stalactites and stalagmites.

The cave walls feature unique rock formations developed over thousands of years of geological processes. Some shapes are said to resemble animals or mythical creatures, sparking our imagination.

Activities:

Exploring Ba Giot Cave is an enjoyable experience where you can stroll through the cave, admire the exquisite stalactites and stalagmites, and learn about the local legends surrounding this site.

A view of Ba Giot Cave

6. Thien Ton Cave

Location: Thien Ton Town, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh

Legend of the cave: Thien Ton Cave is closely linked to Thien Ton Pagoda, where the deity Thien Ton is worshipped as the guardian of the eastern gate of Hoa Lu Citadel. According to legend, in the late 10th century, before unifying the country, King Dinh Bo Linh visited the cave to offer prayers, seeking divine assistance in defeating rival warlords during the period of the Twelve Warlords.

Characteristics:

Thien Ton Cave houses an ancient pagoda hidden among the rock formations. It is decorated with centuries-old historical artifacts and inscriptions, reflecting its spiritual importance and artistic craftsmanship. The pagoda, dedicated to various deities, frequently receives offerings from devotees, creating a solemn and peaceful atmosphere.

The cave is adorned with beautiful stalactites and stalagmites, and the natural light enhances its mystical ambiance, making it an ideal place for meditation. Visitors can admire the intricate designs and explore its rich history.

Activities:

Visitors can explore the ancient pagoda within the cave and learn about its cultural and historical significance. Guided tours often provide insight into the cave’s history, helping visitors appreciate its role in the local community and its connection to Vietnamese spirituality.

The tranquil atmosphere makes Thien Ton Cave perfect for quiet reflection, prayer, or meditation. Visitors are encouraged to take their time to explore the temple and reflect on the history and traditions that make this site sacred.

The pagoda inside Thien Ton Cave

7. Tien Ca Cave (Mermaid Cave)

Location: Ninh Hai Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (400 meters from Thung Nham Ecotourism Area and about 4 kilometers from Tam Coc)

History:

Tien Ca Cave lacks the clear historical background that many other caves in the region possess. However, it is shrouded in a unique legend involving a mermaid. According to local folklore, the cave was once believed to be the residence of mystical beings, including a mermaid. Although it holds no major historical significance, the cave’s natural beauty has made it a captivating destination for visitors.

Characteristics:

Tien Ca Cave stands out for its distinctive rock formations and serene atmosphere, creating a mystical ambiance. Inside, the cave features numerous stalactites and stalagmites, some of which resemble mermaids, giving the cave its name. Due to its remote location, the cave offers a sense of peace and tranquility, far from the bustling crowds at more famous caves in Ninh Binh.

To reach the cave, visitors must follow a scenic trail that winds through lush greenery and towering limestone cliffs, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The tranquil environment, combined with the cave’s unique rock formations, provides an unforgettable experience for those who venture here.

Activities:

The trek to Tien Ca Cave is an exciting journey, providing opportunities to explore the rich natural environment of the area. Once at the cave, visitors can stroll through its interior, marvel at the unusual rock formations, and soak in the quiet atmosphere. The walking trail also offers great chances for photography, birdwatching, and immersing in the unspoiled beauty of the region.

The path inside the Tien Ca Cave

8. Nau Ruou Cave at Trang An Complex

Location: Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (located in the southwest of the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex and about 7 kilometers from the center of Ninh Binh City).

History:

According to local legends, Nau Ruou Cave is associated with the production of traditional rice wine. It is believed that the cool and stable climate inside the cave created ideal conditions for fermenting rice wine, an essential part of Vietnamese culinary culture. The name “Nau Ruou,” which translates to “wine brewing,” originates from this winemaking tradition, and the story of brewing wine in the cave continues to fascinate and delight visitors.

Characteristics:

Nau Ruou Cave features a cool environment and unique rock formations that are well-suited for both brewing and storing wine. The limestone walls combined with the tranquil atmosphere create a mystical and historical feel as visitors explore the cave. The stalactites and stalagmites within the cave enhance its unique beauty, giving it both a natural and cultural significance.

Activities:

When visiting Nau Ruou Cave, guests can explore the rich cultural heritage and learn about the rice wine brewing tradition associated with this cave. The cave is part of the boat tours in the Trang An area, allowing visitors to drift along serene waterways, pass through caves, and admire the magnificent limestone formations. The boat ride provides an opportunity to explore the cave and enjoy the lush scenery and peaceful ambiance of the entire Trang An region.

Many jars of delicious wine are being stored inside the Nau Ruou Cave

9. Am Tien Cave

Location: Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh (about 350 meters from the ancient capital of Hoa Lư and approximately 4.7 kilometers from the Trang An Complex).

History: Am Tien Cave is closely associated with Am Tien Temple, which holds significant historical importance and is steeped in local folklore. The temple is dedicated to various deities, reflecting the spiritual heritage of the region. The legends surrounding the temple often narrate stories of spirituality and devotion, making it a focal point for religious and cultural activities.

Characteristics: The cave is renowned for its serene beauty, featuring impressive limestone formations and a tranquil surrounding landscape. The picturesque views encircling Am Tien Cave create a peaceful and quiet atmosphere, ideal for visitors seeking reflection. The interplay of light and shadow within the cave adds to its mysterious charm, while the nearby temple enhances the allure of this location.

Activities: We had the opportunity to visit the Ancient Capital of Hoa Lu and then proceeded to explore Am Tien Cave. Upon arrival, we visited Am Tien Temple and began learning about the area.

The serene environment here is perfect for meditation and contemplation. Strolling through the lush landscapes, visitors can appreciate the natural beauty and engage in cultural activities, such as discovering the legends and stories that have shaped the identity of the region.

A view of Am Tien Cave

10. Ma Tien Cave

Location: Yen Dong Commune, Yen Mo District, Ninh Binh Province (located next to Dong Thai Lake, facing Thanh Hoa Province)

History: Ma Tien Cave is linked to local legends about fairies possessing magical powers. It is said to have once served as a sanctuary for mysterious creatures, surrounded by stories of encounters between local residents and these mystical beings. Tales of Ma Tien Cave have been passed down through generations, enhancing its allure and making it an important part of the region’s cultural heritage.

Characteristics:

Ma Tien Cave is renowned for its stunning natural beauty and impressive rock formations, creating an atmosphere of mystery. The cave features numerous stalactites and stalagmites formed over thousands of years, providing insight into the geological history of the area.

Surrounded by lush vegetation and breathtaking scenery, the cave offers a tranquil environment that attracts nature lovers and photographers alike. The peaceful ambiance combined with the enchanting landscape makes it an ideal spot for reflection and inspiration.

Activities:

The area surrounding Ma Tien Cave is crisscrossed with winding hiking trails that meander through hills and forests. These paths allow visitors to immerse themselves in nature and enjoy panoramic views of the landscape.

You can delve into the rich folklore associated with Ma Tien Cave by exploring local stories and legends. This may include guided tours that provide insights into the history and tales connected to the cave, enriching the overall experience.

The serene environment here is also perfect for picnics. You can relax amidst the peaceful setting, enjoying the fresh air and the sounds of nature.

The entrance of Ma Tien Cave

11. Nguoi Xua Cave at Cuc Phuong Nation Park

Location: Cuc Phuong National Park, Nho Quan District, Ninh Binh

History: Nguoi Xua Cave is an important archaeological site in Vietnam, renowned for the discovery of ancient human artifacts that provide valuable insights into early human habitation in the region. These findings have helped researchers better understand prehistoric communities’ lifestyles and environments, marking this cave as a significant site for both archaeology and anthropology.

Characteristics:

In Cuc Phuong National Park, Nguoi Xua Cave is known for its unique geological features and historical significance. The cave offers an intriguing glimpse into the past and showcases the stunning natural beauty of the surrounding area, rich in biodiversity. Visitors can admire the unique rock formations while contemplating the activities of ancient humans that once took place within its walls.

Activities:

At Nguoi Xua Cave, you can explore the interior, observing archaeological artifacts illuminating ancient humans’ lives in Vietnam. Informational panels and guided tours provide insights into the cave’s historical context and the discoveries’ importance.

In addition to exploring the cave, you can enjoy hiking through Cuc Phuong National Park, which features a network of trails winding through lush forests, rare plant species, and diverse wildlife. The combination of cave exploration and hiking offers a rich experience in one of Vietnam’s most significant natural reserves.

The entrance of Nguoi Xua Cave

12. Buddha Cave at Bai Dinh Ancient Pagoda

Location: Bai Dinh Pagoda Complex, Gia Vien District, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

History: Buddha Cave is part of Bai Dinh Pagoda, the largest Buddhist complex in Vietnam. This temple complex is remarkable for its grand scale and rich in cultural and spiritual value. Inaugurated in 2010, Bai Dinh Pagoda attracts millions of pilgrims each year thanks to the combination of modern architecture, traditional elements, and many valuable historical relics.

Characteristics:

Buddha Cave is nestled in the serene atmosphere of the Bai Dinh Pagoda complex, housing hundreds of exquisitely carved Buddha statues. The cave’s interior is adorned with vibrant images of deities and murals depicting stories from Buddhist scriptures, creating a sacred atmosphere that inspires visitors and devotees alike.

In addition to the statues, the cave also features harmonious natural elements, with uniquely shaped stalactites and trickling streams, all contributing to a serene environment, perfect for contemplation and inner peace.

Activities: 

When visiting Buddha Cave, guests can freely explore its nooks and crannies, admire the beauty of the sculptural artworks, and feel the reverence of the place. Additionally, participating in spiritual activities such as prayer and meditation or attending Buddhist festivals held at the pagoda are experiences that should not be missed.

Visitors can also combine their exploration of Buddha Cave with a tour of the entire Bai Dinh Pagoda complex. You can visit notable architectural structures such as the 36-ton Great Bell and the ancient pagoda with numerous large Buddha statues here. This will provide you with a profound spiritual journey while learning about the culture and history of Buddhism in Vietnam.

Furthermore, the surrounding area is beautiful, with lush green hills and picturesque natural landscapes, creating opportunities for photography and enjoying the fresh air. Don’t forget to take the time to watch the sunset or sunrise here, as the golden light illuminates the statues, creating a stunning and emotional scene.

Many Buddha statues are being worshiped in caves at Bai Dinh Pagoda

13. Dich Long Cave

Location: Gia Thanh Commune, Gia Vien District, Ninh Binh Province (approximately 100km from Hanoi)
History:

Dich Long Cave is renowned not only for its majestic scenery but also for its profound historical and cultural significance. During the war against the French, the cave served as a hiding place for revolutionary soldiers. Recognised as a national historic and scenic site, it attracts numerous visitors from all over.

Characteristics:

Dich Long Cave consists of several large and small caverns, with natural stalactites and stalagmites forming unique shapes. The large stone columns within the cave add to its grandeur, while natural light filtering through the cracks creates a mystical, shimmering atmosphere. On calm days, the wind blowing through the cave creates an echoing sound, true to its name Dich Long, meaning Echoing Flute.

Activities:

Visitors to Dich Long Cave can explore the cave system via stone steps leading to higher chambers. This journey offers the chance to admire the mesmerising rock formations and take in the surrounding natural landscape. Activities like photography, sightseeing, and enjoying the fresh air make for an unforgettable experience at Dich Long Cave.

A view of Dich Long Cave

14. Thien Ha Cave

Location: Son Ha Commune, Nho Quan District, Ninh Binh
History: Thien Ha Cave is closely associated with ancient military history and local folklore. The cave and its surrounding area were once used for defense purposes, and many legends have been passed down through generations, adding to the cave’s mystique as a destination.

Characteristics:

Located within a limestone mountain, Thien Ha Cave is renowned for its stunning rock formations. The cave’s interior is spacious and peaceful, offering visitors a serene atmosphere.

Inside, you can admire stalactites and stalagmites that have formed over thousands of years. The natural beauty of the cave, combined with its historical significance, makes it an intriguing and captivating destination.

Activities:

Exploring Thien Ha Cave is a unique experience, combining boat rides and hiking. Visitors can enjoy the cave’s tranquility while learning about its geological and historical importance. The scenic surroundings also provide a perfect setting for photography and quiet moments amidst nature.

The corner of Thien Ha Cave

Tips when exploring caves in Ninh Binh

When exploring the breathtaking caves of Ninh Binh, it’s essential to prepare with the right gear, respect for nature and local traditions, and tips for making the most of your adventure.

• Wear sturdy footwear: Caves often have uneven terrain and wet surfaces, so wearing durable, comfortable shoes is crucial for safety and comfort.
• Bring a flashlight or headlamp: While some caves are equipped with lighting, others may be dark. A flashlight will help you explore deeper areas and reveal hidden rock formations.
• Stay hydrated: Carry water, especially when hiking to cave entrances or visiting several caves in one day.
• Respect nature and local customs: Avoid touching the rock formations, which are fragile and take years to develop. Be mindful of local traditions and cultural practices in areas of religious significance.
• Hire a local guide: Enhance your visit by hiring a local guide who can share valuable insights into the caves’ history, geology, and cultural importance.
• Check the weather: Weather conditions can affect cave exploration, with heavy rains sometimes causing flooding. Be aware of sudden weather changes, particularly during the rainy season.
• Visit during off-peak times: For a more peaceful experience, visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon when there are fewer tourists.

Cave interior views on a boat tour

When is the best time to visit the caves in Ninh Binh

Ninh Binh’s caves offer stunning natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. Timing your visit right enhances your experience, so here’s a quick guide to the best time for exploration.

• Ideal season: The prime time to explore Ninh Binh’s caves is from October to April when the dry season brings cooler, more comfortable weather, perfect for outdoor adventures and cave explorations.
• Avoiding the rainy season: From May to September, heavy rains can raise water levels and even cause flooding in some caves, making access more challenging and less safe.
• Comfortable temperatures: During the dry season, temperatures hover between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F), creating ideal conditions for hiking and exploring.
• Breathtaking scenery: Visiting in the dry season also provides stunning views of the surrounding landscapes, with lush, vibrant rice fields enhancing the experience.
• Cultural festivities: Time your visit around cultural events like the Trang An Festival in late April to immerse yourself in local traditions that often take place near the caves.

Tam Coc river seen from inside a cave

The caves of Ninh Binh stand as a true testament to the region’s natural wonders and rich cultural heritage. These caves are geological formations and cultural landmarks that reflect the history and traditions of the local communities. Offering a unique window into Vietnam’s past and present, these caves invite visitors to embark on unforgettable experiences, from tranquil boat rides through picturesque landscapes to discovering ancient artifacts.

With their significant tourism potential, the enchanting beauty of Ninh Binh’s caves promises to leave a lasting impression on all who visit. Whether you’re an adventurer, a photographer, or a history enthusiast, each visit offers a chance to connect with nature and immerse yourself in the fascinating stories these remarkable sites have to tell.